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The UN General
Secretary came to Cyprus on 25-26 December 1974, immediately
after the 2nd Peace Operation , and demanded that bilateral
talks be initiated between the two communities. After the
Temporary Turkish Cypriot Administration was declared on 28
December 1967, the second phase was put into effect on 13
February 1975 with the declaration of the Turkish Federal
Republic of Cyprus.
In this
situation, the Autonomous Turkish Administration Assembly of
Cyprus convened on 13 February 1975 in order to establish the
Turkish wings of the federal units necessary for a federation
based on equity and adaptation of a multi-partial democratic
parliamentary system. The Assembly unanimously proclaimed the
Turkish Federal Republic of Cyprus and decided upon the
establishment of a Constitutional Assembly with the
participation of the representatives of all institutions and
agencies of the Turkish community to pen the State Constitution
and the election law.
The foundation
declaration of the Turkish Federal Republic of Cyprus which was
declared on 13 February 1975 was announced by the Chairman of
the Administration Rauf Denktaş in the Autonomous Turkish
Administration Assembly of Cyprus.
The Declaration
included the following statements:
"The Board
of Ministers and Legislative Assembly of the Autonomous Turkish
Administration of Cyprus held a joint meeting in Nicosia on 13
February 1975 and decided the following having regard to duly
mentioned reasons:
- The Turkish
Cypriot community, one Party of the founders of the Republic,
has been forced to resist the attempts and threats by the Greek
cypriots to terminate the independence of the Republic of Cyprus
in 1963, 1967 and 1974.
It was
concluded that it is impossible to live together with the Greek
Cypriots, other Party of the founders of the Republic of Cyprus
and that the two communities should be allowed to live
adjacently by arranging their inner structures in order to bring
calm, security and sustained peace to the Island; and
According to
foregoing statements, it was considered that the Greek Cypriot
Community should pursue a favourable and constructive attitude
for the foundation of the Federal Republic of Cyprus; and
It was
confirmed that any attempt on the independence of Cyprus and and
to divide or integrate it with another state shall be
wholeheartedly resisted; and
It is believed
that the status of independence is required for the Republic of
Cyprus and was thus decided that the island not be allowed to
serve foreign interests; and
It was
considered it is necessary to create the legal basis for the
attainment of order in their respective regions as the medium of
order is a prerequisite for the foundation of the Federal
Republic of Cyprus in the future; and
It was
confirmed that the final objective was to integrate with the
Greek Cypriot Community within the framework a bi-regional
federation;
It was decided
that the 1960 Constitution the basic principles of which were
set on the basis of international agreements in accordance with
the international law shall be replaced as the Constitution of
the Federal Republic of Cyprus following the same procedure and
that the rearrangement and organization of the autonomous
Turkish Cypriot Administration is necessary until the Federal
Republic is founded.
Therefore, it
was decided the Constitutional Assembly be founded under the
presidency of the President of the Turkish Cypriot
Administration".
The time from
the foundation of the Turkish Federal Republic of Cyprus to the
declaration of the Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus has been
a difficult period of struggle for the state to take roots and
for short and long term problems to be solved and democracy to
sink in.
Within that
period, the Constitution of the Turkish Federal Republic of
Cyprus was completed and set into implementation, getting nearly
100 % of the votes in the referandum. In 1976 and 1981, two
general elections were held and the problems of the state were
addressed within the parliamentary system through the operation
of democratic mechanisms.
Again
throughout that time, the Turkish Federal Republic of Cyprus has
been open to negotiations to solve the Cyprus issue, which
resulted in a summit between Makarios and Dentash in 1977.
Makarios died
on 3 August 1977 and the Greek Cypriot side elected Democratic
Party leader Kyprianou President of Cyprus. However, Turkey and
the Turkish Federal Republic of Cyprus did not recognize his
presidency, rightfully claiming that Kyprianou could only
represent the Greek Administration in Cyprus. Yet, a summit was
held between Denktash and Kyprianou in 1979 to find a solution
to the Cyprus issue.
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