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Employment |
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The employment policy aims at
attaining full employment and the systematic promotion of schemes for the
training and re-training of the labour force for increasing productivity and
eventually the most efficient utilization of manpower.
There is not any acute
unemployment in North Cyprus according to official statistics. The average
number of unemployed which was 1,337 in 1977 reached to 1,500 in 2001 and
eventually the unemployment ratio which was 2.9% in 1977, dropped to only 1.63%
in 2003. However, there is notable underemployment particularly in the farming
sector, and heavy feather-bedding in the public sector.
Only about half of the
Turkish-Cypriot labour force is unionised and this is spread across several
different unions. The blue-collar federation,
Türk-Sen, represents about 12,000 workers. About half of the 5,000 civil
servants are represented by the Cyprus Turkish Union of Civil Servants (KTAMS),
some 2,000 teachers are members of primary and secondary school teachers unions
(KTÖS and
KTOEÖS), and other unionised employees belong to the Revolutionary Trade Unions
Federation, Dev-Ís.
During the period of 1977-2003 the
working population has increased by 112.1%. The working population, which was
44,795 in 1977, rose to 95,025 and constituted 56.1% of the midyear population,
which reached 216,940 in 2003. During this period 50,230 people were employed in
the economy but they were mostly employed in the services sector and
consequently lack of productivity and disguised unemployment were the two
important question requiring solution.
The sectoral distribution of the
working population is shown in table below. |
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Employment
by Economic Sectors in North Cyprus (2000-2003)
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2000 |
% |
2001 |
% |
2002 |
% |
2003
4 |
% |
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1. Agriculture |
15.236 |
17,1 |
14.931 |
16,5 |
14.632 |
15,7 |
14.339 |
15,1 |
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2. Industry |
8.715 |
9,6 |
8.715 |
9,6 |
8.891 |
9,5 |
9.059 |
9,5 |
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2.1. Quarrying |
1.105 |
1,2 |
1.105 |
1,2 |
1.146 |
1,2 |
1.177 |
1,2 |
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2.2. Manufacturing |
6.234 |
7,0 |
6.234 |
6,9 |
6.364 |
6,8 |
6.438 |
6,8 |
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2.3. Electricity - Water |
1.376 |
1,5 |
1.376 |
1,5 |
1.381 |
1,5 |
1.444 |
1,5 |
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3. Construction |
14.104 |
15,8 |
14.104 |
15,6 |
15.786 |
17,0 |
16.591 |
17,5 |
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4. Trade-Tourism
1 |
9.63 |
10,8 |
9.63 |
10,7 |
10.52 |
11,3 |
10.803 |
11,4 |
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4.1. Wholesale and Retail Trade |
5.985 |
6,7 |
6.055 |
6,7 |
6.325 |
6,8 |
6.608 |
7,0 |
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4.2. Hotels and Restaurants |
3.63 |
4,1 |
3.63 |
4,0 |
4.195 |
4,5 |
4.195 |
4,4 |
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5. Transport-Communication |
8.104 |
9,1 |
8.104 |
9,0 |
8.31 |
8,9 |
8.396 |
8,8 |
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6. Financial Institutions |
2.397 |
2,7 |
2.397 |
2,7 |
2.397 |
2,6 |
2.404 |
2,5 |
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7. Business and Personal Services
2 |
13.057 |
14,6 |
14.401 |
15,9 |
14.494 |
15,6 |
14.828 |
15,6 |
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8. Public Services
3 |
18.084 |
20,2 |
18.084 |
20,0 |
18.084 |
19,4 |
18.605 |
19,6 |
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Total Employment |
89.327 |
100,0 |
90.366 |
100,0 |
93.114 |
100,0 |
95.025 |
100,0 |
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1 Trade and tourism
sectors were considered separately after 1982.
2 Business and Personal services were included in Public Services
before 1983.
3 SEE and Municipalities are included.
4 Provisional Figures
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Sources |
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